By now, you’ve probably heard about heat pumps as an alternative to central ACs and furnaces. Heat pumps are a 2-in-1 HVAC system that provides energy-efficient heating and cooling. However, not as many homeowners know about geothermal heat pumps. If you’re wondering whether a heat pump is right for you, understanding the types available is a great first step.
What is the difference between air-source and ground-source heat pumps?
Air-source heat pumps transfer heat to and from the air, making them easier and less expensive to install. Ground-source heat pumps use underground temperatures for more consistent efficiency, higher long-term energy savings, and longer system lifespan, though they require more complex and costly installation.
The major difference between the two is the sources they draw heat from. Both have their pros and cons. Let’s go over the benefits and drawbacks of each so that you can be an informed consumer when it’s time for air conditioning installation in Columbia, SC.
Air Source vs. Ground Source Heat Pumps: Key Differences Explained
The difference between these is apparent in their names. In a nutshell, air source heat pumps draw heat from the air, and ground source heat pumps (also called geothermal systems) draw heat from the ground.
- Air source heat pumps are similar to central air conditioners in that they pull heat from the air and move it into or out of your home using refrigerant. A reversing valve allows it to function as a heater by switching the flow of refrigerant.
- Ground source heat pumps derive energy by tapping into the heat beneath the earth’s crust. The earth’s temperature is a consistent 50°F all year round.
Air Source Heat Pumps: Cost and Installation
Whether you choose a ductless or ducted heat pump, the installation is similar to a traditional central AC or heater. There’s an outdoor condenser and an inside unit. With ductless heat pumps (also called mini splits), the air handlers are mounted to the walls of your home.
Ductless cost and installation typically cost more than for a split, ducted heat pump, and ducted heat pumps typically cost more than central AC or heaters.
Ground Source Heat Pumps: Cost and Installation
The upfront costs are significantly higher and the installation process is extensive. That’s because some excavation of your property is necessary to bury the ground loops about 30 feet underground. However, you’ll save more over the lifespan of the system on utilities—and upcoming refrigerant regulations in 2025 may make geothermal systems even more appealing for long-term savings.
Air Source Heat Pumps: Efficiency
Just by using a heat pump, you’re choosing a much more energy-efficient HVAC system than traditional types. Although air source heat pumps can struggle to maintain efficiency at very low temperatures, that’s not a problem here.
Ground Source Heat Pumps: Efficiency
Geothermal systems are considered to be the most energy-efficient heating and cooling system on the market. They’ll be more efficient all year round because of the consistent temperature of the earth’s crust which is 55–60°F.
Air Source Heat Pumps: Longevity
These will last about the same amount of time as a central AC or furnace: about 10–15 years.
Ground Source Heat Pumps: Longevity
For geothermal systems, there are two different components to consider: the underground loops and the heat pump itself.
The underground loop system will remain untouched underground, giving it an impressive life expectancy of up to 50 years. However, the indoor component will last just as long as that of a normal heat pump, about 15 years.
Still curious about which type of heat pump is best for your home? We can let you know if your home is a candidate for geothermal and go over additional pros and cons of each, especially if you’re weighing options against buying a new furnace.
Frequently Asked Questions
Question: What is the primary difference between air source and ground source heat pumps?
Answer: The key difference lies in where they extract heat. Air source heat pumps draw heat from the outside air, while ground source (geothermal) heat pumps tap into the earth’s stable underground temperature, usually around 50 to 60°F year-round.
Question: How do installation requirements and costs differ between the two systems?
Answer: Air source heat pumps install similarly to central AC systems, with an outdoor condenser and indoor unit. Ground source systems require extensive excavation, burying loops about 30 feet deep, making them more complex and costly upfront, though offering long-term utility savings.
Question: How do their efficiencies and operating lifespans compare?
Answer: Both systems are more efficient than conventional heating, but geothermal systems outshine air source units with greater year-round efficiency due to the earth’s consistent temperature. Air source units generally last about 10 to 15 years, while the indoor component of geothermal systems lasts similar, but the buried loops can endure up to 50 years.
Question: Which system is more efficient throughout varying weather conditions?
Answer: Ground source heat pumps maintain high efficiency year-round, thanks to constant ground temperatures. In contrast, air source systems can struggle to maintain efficiency during extreme cold, since they rely on fluctuating air temperatures.Question: When might each type of heat pump be the best choice?
Answer: Air source heat pumps are simpler to install and more budget-friendly, ideal for moderate climates and properties with limited space. Geothermal systems, though costly to install, are great for long-term savings and efficiency, especially for homes with ample land.
Contact Fulmer Heating & Cooling for air conditioning installation in Columbia, SC!
803-276-1553
